2. The nurse is teaching a class on osteoarthritis. The nurse’s understanding of this disorder is best described as:
A. degeneration of articular cartilage in synovial joints
B. enzymatic breakdown of tissue in non-weight bearing joints
C. joint destruction caused by an autoimmune process
D. the overproduction of synovial fluid resulting in joint destruction

3. How does nicotine, a substance in cigarette smoke, increase the prevalence of CAD?
A. it decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood
B. it increases the deposits of fat containing substances along the intima of blood vessels
C. it causes smooth muscle cell proliferation
D. it increases the likelihood of dysrhythmias and elevated heart rate, BP, & oxygen consumption

4. In most cases, which of the following is the cause of sudden cardiac death?
A. ventricular fibrillation
B. severe congestive heart failure
C. myocardial ischemia
D. unstable angina

5. Nurses can best help prevent CAD by teaching clients:
A. low fat, low-cholesterol diets
B. the importance of exercise
C. how to maintain normal BP
D. how to handle stress

6. The nurse is instructing a client in the proper administration of sublingual Nitroglycerin. Which of the following is correct and should be included in the teaching plan?
A. tablets should be stored in the refrigerator
B. repeat dosage after 5 minutes if pain is not relieve. Seek medical help if pain is not relieved after 3 sublingual nitroglycerin tablets
C. assess BP for reactive hypertension after each dose
D. headache is a rare side effect and should be reported to the physician

7. When administering Nifedipine (Procardia) to a client with a history of angina, the nurse should:
A. observe for signs of respiratory depression
B. monitor the client’s BP
C. observe for manifestation of GI bleeding
D. force fluids

8. When caring for a client immediately after an MI, the nurse’s first priority is:
A. relief of pain
B. monitoring for presence of dysrhythmias
C. prevention of embolism
D. relieving client’s apprehension

9. Which of the following nursing orders would be found on the care plan for a client for the first 24 hours after an MI?
A. utilize bedside commode for bowel movements
B. 200 calorie, soft diet
C. feed the patient
D. administer promethazine regularly

10. Which of the following would be included in the discharge teaching plan for a client after MI?
A. don’t begin sexual intercourse until after 3 months
B. begin walking frequently
C. take one aspirin every 8 hours as ordered
D. continue previous lifestyle when ready

11. When auscultating the respirations of a client in left ventricular heart failure, the nurse will most likely detect:
A. wheezing
B. loud expiratory sounds
C. loud inspiratory sounds
D. crackling sounds

12. In which position should the nurse place the client who is experiencing acute congestive heart failure (CHF)?
A. Sim’s position
B. supine
C. Trendelenburg
D. high Fowler’s with feet dependent

13. The most important action of Digitalis derivatives on the heart of a client in CHF is to:
A. re-establish normal heart rhythm
B. increase ventricular contractility
C. decrease dysrhythmias
D. decrease AV node refractory period

14. What is the long term effect of rheumatic fever?
A. Cardiomegaly
B. cardiac tamponade
C. sudden cardiac death syndrome
D. pericarditis

15. The client admitted for the treatment of rheumatic fever and has fever of 101 degrees F should have which activity order?
A. activity ad lib
B. bed rest
C. out of bed in a chair
D. exercise until the point of fatigue

16. The nurse is conducting a ward class for a group of client who are to undergo cardiac surgery. What information should the nurse include when discussing the use of the ventilation in the ICU immediately after surgery?
A. no visitors will be allowed while the client is intubated
B. refraining from coughing is especially important while using the ventilator
C. while being ventilated the client must remain on bed rest
D. the client will be unable to talk while being ventilated

17. A client is admitted to the hospital with chronic venous disease. Physical assessment of the client’s legs would most likely reveal:
A. erythema
B. reduced muscle mass
C. overgrowth of hair
D. decreased pulses

18. Which of the following manifestations would the nurse expect when assessing a client with arterial insufficiency?
A. warm, erythematous legs
B. thin fragile toenails
C. muscular atrophy
D. bounding arterial pulses

19. Which of the following is the most common cause of secondary hypertension?
A. chronic renal disease
B. primary hyperaldosteronism
C. pregnancy induced hypertension
D. oral contraceptive use

20. A client is admitted to the ICU with malignant hypertension. Assessment of the client would most likely reveal symptoms of:
A. fluid overload
B. livery dysfunction
C. renal failure
D. exercise intolerance

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Correct answers: